{"id":46040,"date":"2026-10-14T07:21:39","date_gmt":"2026-10-14T01:51:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/?p=46040"},"modified":"2026-10-14T07:21:57","modified_gmt":"2026-10-14T01:51:57","slug":"glass-lined-vs-stainless-steel-water-heater-tanks-compared","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/glass-lined-vs-stainless-steel-water-heater-tanks-compared\/","title":{"rendered":"Glass-Lined vs Stainless Steel Water Heater Tanks: Durability, Corrosion &#038; Maintenance Compared"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"545\" src=\"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-1200x545.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46045\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-1200x545.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-480x218.jpg 480w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-768x349.jpg 768w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-24x11.jpg 24w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-200x91.jpg 200w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-48x22.jpg 48w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-150x68.jpg 150w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60.jpg 1265w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The inner tank is hidden, yet it\u2019s one of the most important parts of a water heater. It maintains hot water while dealing with pressure, temperature swings and dissolved minerals that affect tank performance over time.That is why water heater tank material is worth understanding before choosing a geyser. Glass-lined and stainless steel tanks are built differently, and those differences can influence how they respond to corrosion, hard water and regular maintenance. Looking at these factors separately makes the comparison much easier to understand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A closer look at the inner tank itself helps to understand the importance of its material in a water heater.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Is the Inner Tank of a Water Heater and Why Does Its Material Matter?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The inner tank is the part of a storage water heater that holds water while it is being heated and keeps it until it is used. The geyser inner tank has to do more than just store water because it is in constant contact with hot water, minerals and changing pressure. Its condition can directly affect how well the water heater will perform over the long haul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The material of the tank also matters, as different materials respond differently to moisture, heat, scale and corrosion. Some depend on a protective lining, and some depend more on the properties of the metal itself. This is why the water heater tank material can affect durability, maintenance demands and how well the tank works with local water conditions.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Is a Glass-Lined Water Heater?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A glass-lined water heater tank is just a steel tank with a protective glass or enamel coating on the inside. This liner isolates the stored water from the metal below it, and helps to restrict contact with moisture and dissolved minerals. The tank itself is not glass, but rather has the lining added to help with corrosion resistance and to make it more durable with regular use.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Is a Stainless Steel Geyser Tank?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A stainless steel geyser tank is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel instead of relying primarily on an additional protective lining. It is a metal that is meant for regular contact with hot water, and at the same time it is resistant to rust and everyday wear and tear. However, factors such as the grade of stainless steel, quality of water, mineral content, pressure and overall tank construction can still influence its long-term performance.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Glass-Lined vs Stainless Steel Geyser: How Do They Compare?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"836\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46046\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60.png 836w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-443x249.png 443w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-24x13.png 24w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-200x112.png 200w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-48x27.png 48w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-60-150x84.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 836px) 100vw, 836px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The primary distinction between the two is the design of the tank and its water, mineral and corrosion protection over time. A few practical factors make the comparison of glass lined vs stainless steel geyser tanks easier to understand.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Points of comparison<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Glass-Lined Tank<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Stainless Steel Tank<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Basic construction<\/strong><\/td><td>Uses a steel tank with a glass or enamel-based inner coating<\/td><td>Uses stainless steel as the main tank material<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Corrosion protection<\/strong><\/td><td>Relies largely on the protective inner lining to reduce direct water contact with steel<\/td><td>Relies more on the corrosion-resistant properties of stainless steel itself<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Hard-water suitability<\/strong><\/td><td>Can perform well in hard-water areas, especially when supported by anode protection and maintenance<\/td><td>Suitability depends on the steel grade, water chemistry and overall tank design<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Scale build-up<\/strong><\/td><td>Mineral deposits can still form inside the tank and around heating components<\/td><td>Scale can also build up despite the metal being corrosion-resistant<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Maintenance needs<\/strong><\/td><td>Need periodic descaling and checks of the lining and anode system<\/td><td>Still benefits from regular inspection and descaling, particularly in mineral-heavy water<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Durability factors<\/strong><\/td><td>Depends on lining quality, tank construction, water conditions and maintenance<\/td><td>Depends on stainless-steel grade, fabrication quality, water conditions and upkeep<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Long-term performance<\/strong><\/td><td>Offers good service life when the lining and corrosion-protection system remain in good condition<\/td><td>Performs well over time when the right steel grade and tank design are used<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Which tank is better for corrosion over time?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The name of the material is not sufficient to determine time-based corrosion resistance of a tank. The inner coating in a glass-lined tank helps to reduce direct contact between the water and the underlying steel, whereas stainless steel depends more on the corrosion resistance properties of the metal itself. However, water chemistry, mineral content, temperature, tank construction and the condition of any protective system used can still influence geyser tank corrosion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For this reason neither of the options can be considered to be fully corrosion proof. A glass-lined tank can provide good protection if the lining is intact, and stainless steel can perform well if the correct grade and fabrication are used for the local water conditions. Features like anode protection and regular maintenance can also make a big difference to long-term tank durability.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Is a Glass-Lined or Stainless Steel Tank Better for Hard Water?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hard water has more minerals like calcium and magnesium, which can build up as scale inside a water heater over time. A water-heater tank with a glass lining can prevent the underlying steel from coming into direct contact with mineral-laden water, whereas a stainless-steel tank relies more on the corrosion resistance of the metal itself. But neither material is completely scale-proof.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So for a hard water home, better to look at the whole tank-protection system than the material itself. Anode protection, regular descaling and build quality can all influence the long-term performance of mineral-heavy water.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Does Tank Material Affect Water Heater Maintenance?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"836\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46047\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61.jpg 836w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61-443x249.jpg 443w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61-24x13.jpg 24w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61-200x112.jpg 200w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61-48x27.jpg 48w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61-150x84.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 836px) 100vw, 836px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The tank material can also impact the inspection and servicing of the water heater over time. The way the tank was constructed can influence what maintenance technicians look for and how the inner surface should be treated, beyond routine cleaning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The inner surface inspection checks can be different.<\/strong> Servicing may involve inspecting the condition of the protective inner surface in a glass-lined tank. Instead, with stainless steel, attention can be paid to areas such as joints, welds and other points where the metal has been fabricated.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cleaning should be adapted to tank construction.<\/strong> Maintenance should not use unnecessarily harsh or abrasive cleaning methods that could affect protective surfaces or internal parts. Servicing in accordance with the manufacturer\u2019s recommendations maintains the tank\u2019s design protection.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Some tanks are built to facilitate sediment removal. <\/strong>The location of the drain, internal water flow and ease of access for servicing can all influence the flushing out of accumulated deposits. Such design features can be as important as the tank material itself for maintenance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Service checks should be performed on seals and connection points.<\/strong> The maintenance of a tank is not limited to its inner surface. Also check inlet and outlet connections, seals, valves and fittings for leaks or signs of wear, as problems in these areas can affect the water heater even when the tank itself is in good condition.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Is \u2018Durability\u2019 a core factor for finalising the most suitable water heater for your house?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Read through <\/em><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/\/blog\/tank-durability-matters-water-conditions\/\"><strong><em>Why Tank Durability Matters in Indian Water Conditions<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Do You Choose the Right Water Heater Tank Material for Your Home?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Looking beyond the technical specs alone makes it easier to choose between tank materials. The right choice should also make sense when you consider how long you intend to use the heater, how much you want to spend, and how easily the product can be supported throughout its working life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Compare TCO (total cost of ownership).<\/strong> Do not judge a geyser\u2019s initial cost to determine the material of the water heater tank. What a heater costs to own over a number of years can be affected by servicing costs, replacement parts and expected upkeep.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>How long do you expect to use the water heater?<\/strong> The long-term tank protection could factor more into the decision for a home where the geyser is intended to be in use for many years than for a short-term installation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>See how clearly the specification of the tank is explained. <\/strong>Look for products that clearly state the type of inner tank, the material or coating used, and the protection around it. This makes it easier to compare actual tank construction as opposed to broad labels of material.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Look at the after-sales support for the model in question. <\/strong>Later in the life of the heater, it may be important to have access to authorised servicing and compatible replacement parts. Tank material may be durable, but practical support is also important if the unit ever requires attention.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Haier Water Heaters Approach Tank Durability and Corrosion Protection<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"836\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46048\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61.png 836w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61-443x249.png 443w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61-24x13.png 24w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61-200x112.png 200w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61-48x27.png 48w, https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/image-61-150x84.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 836px) 100vw, 836px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A tank\u2019s life is not just a matter of what is inside the inner tank. At Haier, we implement different tank construction, anode protection and internal water flow technologies on selected water heaters. Each feature addresses a different part of long-term tank care.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Glass-lined tanks help protect the steel underneath<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>In some storage water heaters, we use glass-lined inner tanks that provide a protective barrier between the stored water and the steel surface. This minimises direct contact with moisture and dissolved minerals. This is one of the parts of the bigger tank-protection system in models like the <a href=\"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/products\/Cylindrical-Water-Heater\/Haier-15L-ESTILE-Cylindrical-5-star-Water-Heater\/1857\">Haier 15L ESTILE Cylindrical 5 Star Water Heater<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>304 stainless steel offers another path for tank protection<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>For some instant water heaters, the tank is constructed from 304 stainless steel. Such construction allows the tank material to resist corrosion when exposed to heat and pressure regularly in the <a href=\"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/products\/Instant-Water-Heater\/Haier-3L-ZYON-Instant-Water-Heater-\/1875\">Haier 3L ZYON Instant Water Heater<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Magnesium anode protection reduces stress on the tank wall<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>In some storage models, we also use a magnesium anode rod inside the inner tank. The rod is intended to corrode preferentially to help relieve the corrosive action on the main tank wall. This offers an extra degree of protection, especially where the water supply has a higher concentration of dissolved minerals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>RSC U-Turn Flow Technology gives us control over the flow of water inside<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Some storage water heaters are fitted with RSC U-Turn Flow Technology to enhance internal water circulation and minimise the build-up of stagnant water. The technology is used in conjunction with the tank system in models such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/products\/Square-Series-Water-Heater-\/Haier-25L-Square-AQUALAD-PRO-4-Star-Water-Heater\/1513\">Haier 25L Square AQUALAD PRO 4 Star Water Heater<\/a> to enhance water movement inside.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In the comparison of glass lined and stainless steel geysers, there is no single winner. A well-designed tank lined with glass will provide good protection against corrosion, while stainless steel of good quality is corrosion resistant because of the material itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For long-term use, it makes more sense to look at water quality, tank construction, anode protection, scale management and maintenance as a whole. In the end, the ideal material for a water heater tank is one that matches the conditions under which the geyser will be used.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1791942493114\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What is a glass-lined water heater tank?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Most glass-lined water heater tanks are constructed of steel with an inside coating of protective glass or enamel. The lining reduces the contact of water with the metal, thus enhancing the resistance to corrosion.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1791942503643\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Which is better, a glass-lined or stainless steel geyser tank?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Either is ok. Glass-lined tanks rely on a protective coating, whereas a stainless steel geyser tank relies more on the corrosion resistance of the steel. Tank construction and water quality also matter.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1791942516914\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Does a glass-lined geyser last longer\/resist corrosion?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>The geysers are lined with glass to prevent corrosion by not allowing the steel below to come into direct contact with water. However, its real life depends on the quality of the lining, water conditions and maintenance.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1791942527523\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What is the price of a 25L geyser tank?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>The price depends on brand, tank material, features and model. If you only require a replacement inner tank, you should contact the manufacturer or an authorised repair centre.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1791942542466\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Is a glass-lined tank good for hard water?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes, it can be good for hard water. The lining also protects the metal surface. However, mineral scale can still form, so regular descaling and maintenance are still important.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1791942553714\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Which geyser inner tank is best?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>There\u2019s not a single best geyser inner tank for all homes. Either glass-lined or high-quality stainless steel tanks can be well protected from corrosion and maintained properly.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1791942564063\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What is the most durable water heater tank material?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Durability depends on more than just water heater tank material, too. If they are well made, the water conditions are suitable and regular maintenance is carried out, both glass lined tanks and stainless steel tanks can last a long time.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The inner tank is hidden, yet it\u2019s one of the most important parts of a water heater. It maintains hot water while dealing with pressure, temperature swings and dissolved minerals that affect tank performance over time.That is why water heater tank material is worth understanding before choosing a geyser. Glass-lined and stainless steel tanks are [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":46045,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-water-heaters"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46040","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46040"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46040\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46049,"href":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46040\/revisions\/46049"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/46045"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46040"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46040"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shop.haierindia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46040"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}